Politics in Indonesia
Conventional Long Form Name: Republic of Indonesia
Capital City: Jakarta
Type of Government: Republic
Date of Independence: 17 August 1945
National Holiday(s): Independence Day, 17 August
Capital City: Jakarta
Type of Government: Republic
Date of Independence: 17 August 1945
National Holiday(s): Independence Day, 17 August
Chief of State: President Joko Widodo
Head of Government: President Joko Widodo
Head of Government: President Joko Widodo
Executive Branch/Powers: President and vice president elected for five-year terms by direct vote, can serve for a second term, cabinet appointed by the President
Legislative Branch/Powers: People's Consultative Assembly is the upper house; it has role in inaugurating and impeaching the president and in amending the constitution but does not formulate national policy; House of Representatives consists of 560 seats, members are elected to serve five-year terms, formulates and passes legislation at the national level; House of Regional Representatives's constitutionally mandated role includes providing legislative input to other houses on issues affecting regions, there are 132 members, four from each of Indonesia's original 30 provinces, two special regions, and one special capital city district)
Judicial Branch/Powers: Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung consists of 51 judges divided into 8 chambers, Constitutional Court made up of nine judges, Supreme Court judges nominated by Judicial Commission, appointed by president with concurrence of parliament, judges serve until retirement age
Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age
Ambassador to the US: Budi Bowoleksono
Location of Embassy in the US: 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
Consulate(s) in the US: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco
US ambassador to Indonesia: Robert O. Blake, Charge d'Affaires Kristen F. Bauer
Location of US Embassy in Indonesia: Jalan Medan Merdeka Selatan 3-5, Jakarta 10110
US Consulate(s) in Indonesia: Surabaya
Representative to UN: Desra Percaya
Legislative Branch/Powers: People's Consultative Assembly is the upper house; it has role in inaugurating and impeaching the president and in amending the constitution but does not formulate national policy; House of Representatives consists of 560 seats, members are elected to serve five-year terms, formulates and passes legislation at the national level; House of Regional Representatives's constitutionally mandated role includes providing legislative input to other houses on issues affecting regions, there are 132 members, four from each of Indonesia's original 30 provinces, two special regions, and one special capital city district)
Judicial Branch/Powers: Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung consists of 51 judges divided into 8 chambers, Constitutional Court made up of nine judges, Supreme Court judges nominated by Judicial Commission, appointed by president with concurrence of parliament, judges serve until retirement age
Suffrage: 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age
Ambassador to the US: Budi Bowoleksono
Location of Embassy in the US: 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
Consulate(s) in the US: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco
US ambassador to Indonesia: Robert O. Blake, Charge d'Affaires Kristen F. Bauer
Location of US Embassy in Indonesia: Jalan Medan Merdeka Selatan 3-5, Jakarta 10110
US Consulate(s) in Indonesia: Surabaya
Representative to UN: Desra Percaya
Symbolism of Flag: Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; the colors derive from the banner of the Majapahit Empire of the 13th-15th centuries; red symbolizes courage, white represents purity
National Symbol(s): Garuda
Description of International Disputes: Indonesia has a stated foreign policy objective of establishing stable fixed land and maritime boundaries with all of its neighbors; three stretches of land borders with Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in the Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries have been established between the countries; many refugees from Timor-Leste who left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation; all borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches; land and maritime negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime delimitation talks continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two countries in Fall 2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing along their maritime boundary
Quantity of Refugees inside Country and Country of Origin of Refugees: N/A
Quantity of Internally Displaced Persons: At least 90,000, most IDPs in Aceh, Papua, West Papua, Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi Provinces, Maluku, North Maluku
Quantity of Stateless Persons: N/A
Description of Human Trafficking Issues: N/A
Description of Illicit Drug Trafficking/Use: Illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; producer of methamphetamine and ecstasy
Description of International Disputes: Indonesia has a stated foreign policy objective of establishing stable fixed land and maritime boundaries with all of its neighbors; three stretches of land borders with Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in the Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries have been established between the countries; many refugees from Timor-Leste who left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation; all borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches; land and maritime negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime delimitation talks continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two countries in Fall 2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing along their maritime boundary
Quantity of Refugees inside Country and Country of Origin of Refugees: N/A
Quantity of Internally Displaced Persons: At least 90,000, most IDPs in Aceh, Papua, West Papua, Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi Provinces, Maluku, North Maluku
Quantity of Stateless Persons: N/A
Description of Human Trafficking Issues: N/A
Description of Illicit Drug Trafficking/Use: Illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; producer of methamphetamine and ecstasy